Seminars in Pediatric Neurology
Volume 12, Issue 1 , Pages 2-9 , March 2005

Seizures, Syncope, or Breath-Holding Presenting to the Pediatric Neurologist—When Is the Etiology a Life-Threatening Arrhythmia?

  • Walter C. Allan, MD

      Affiliations

    • Foundation for Blood Research, Scarborough, ME and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barbara Bush Children’s Hospital at Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Walter C. Allan, MD, Foundation for Blood Research, 8 Nonesuch Road, P.O. Box 190, Scarborough, ME 04074.
    • ,
  • Sidney M. Gospe Jr., MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Washington, and Children’s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA.

References 

  1. Ballardie FW , Murphy RP , Davis J . Epilepsy (a presentation of the Romano-Ward syndrome) . BMJ . 1983;287:896–897
  2. Bricker JT , Garson A , Gillette PC . A family history of seizures associated with sudden cardiac deaths . Am J Dis Child . 1984;138:866–868
  3. Gospe SM , Choy M . Hereditary long Q-T syndrome presenting as epilepsy (electroencephalography laboratory diagnosis) . Ann Neurol . 1989;25:514–516
  4. Horn CA , Beekman RH , Dick M , et al.   The congenital long QT syndrome (an unusual cause of childhood seizures) . Am J Dis Child . 1986;140:659–661
  5. Pacia SV , Devinsky O , Luciano DJ , et al.   The prolonged QT syndrome presenting as epilepsy (a report of two cases and literature review) . Neurology . 1994;44:1408–1410
  6. Selby PJ , Driver MV . An unusual cause of apparent epilepsy (ECG and EEG findings in a case of Jervell Lange-Neilson syndrome) . J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry . 1977;40:1102–1108
  7. Sundaram MB , McMeekin JD , Gulamhusein S . Cardiac tachyarrhythmias in hereditary long QT syndromes presenting as a seizure disorder . Can J Neurol Sci . 1986;13:262–263
  8. Allan WC , Anglim M . Long QT Syndrome . Pediatrics . 1998;102:1220–1221
  9. Gospe SM , Gabor AJ . Electroencephalography laboratory diagnosis of prolonged QT interval . Ann Neurol . 1990;28:387–390
  10. Holmes GL . Partial complex seizures in children (an analysis of 69 seizures in 24 patients using EEG FM radiotelemetry and videotape recording) . Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol . 1984;57:13–20
  11. Rossiter EJ , Luckin J , Vile A , et al.   Convulsions in the first three years of life . Med J Aust . 1977;2:735–740
  12. Boon R . Does iron have a place in the management of breath holding spells? . Arch Dis Child . 2002;87:77–78
  13. Franklin WH , Hickey RW . Images in clinical medicine. Long QT syndrome . N Engl J Med . 1995;333:355
  14. Wong KT , So LY . Syncope in children and adolescents of Hong Kong . J Paediatr Child Health . 2002;38:196–198
  15. Allan WC , Timothy K , Vincent GM , et al.   Long QT syndrome in children (the value of the rate corrected QT interval in children who present with fainting) . J Med Screen . 2001;8:178–182
  16. Newman BH . Vasovagal reactions in high school students (findings relative to race, risk factor synergism, female sex, and non-high school participants) . Transfusion . 2002;42:1557–1560
  17. Driscoll DJ , Jacobsen SJ , Porter CJ , et al.   Syncope in children and adolescents . J Am Coll Cardiol . 1997;29:1039–1045
  18. Singh B , al Shahwan SA , Habbab MA , et al.   Idiopathic long QT syndrome (asking the right question) . Lancet . 1993;341:741–742
  19. Peeters CM , Wijnberger DE , Kamphuis DJ , et al.   How reliable is asking the “right question” in diagnosing idiopathic long QT syndrome? . Lancet . 1995;345:925
  20. Benhorin J , Medina A . Images in clinical medicine. Congenital long-QT syndrome . N Engl J Med . 1997;336:1568
  21. Ackerman MJ , Tester DJ , Porter CJ . Swimming, a gene-specific arrhythmogenic trigger for inherited long QT syndrome . Mayo Clin Proc . 1999;74:1088–1094
  22. Gospe SM . Routine monitoring of the electrocardiogram Q-T interval in the EEG laboratory . Am J EEG Technol . 1992;32:58–64
  23. Allan WC , Timothy K , Vincent GM , et al.   Long QT syndrome in children (the value of rate corrected QT interval and DNA analysis as screening tests in the general population) . J Med Screen . 2001;8:173–177

PII: S1071-9091(04)00104-4

doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2004.11.004

Seminars in Pediatric Neurology
Volume 12, Issue 1 , Pages 2-9 , March 2005

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